Title: EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT 1 EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT BUILDING DESIGN AND ENFORCEMENT By Dr. Arya, FNA, FNAE (Padmashree awarded by the President of India) Professor Emeritus, Deptt. Of Earthquake Engg., I.I.T Roorkee Former National Seismic Advisor GoI-UNDP New Delhi Islamabad, Oct. Space galaxies stars ambiente de trabalho papel de parede for mac. 9, 2009 (1) 2 UNDERSTANDING EARTHQUAKES 2 3 EARTHQUAKE VIBRATIONS Earthquake Occurrence 3 4 4 5 EARTHQUAKE MAGNITUDE • Magnitude is a quantitative measure of the actual size of the earthquake. Matrox g200er2 drivers for mac. • RICHTER SCALE- It is obtained from the seismograms and accounts for the dependence of waveform amplitude on epicentral distance. This scale is also called LOCAL MAGNITUDE SCALE.
• An increase in magnitude (M) by 1.0 implies about 31 times higher energy released. For instance, energy released in a M 7.7 earthquake is about 31 times that released in a M 6.7 earthquake, and is about 1000 (31X31) times that released in a M 5.7 earthquake. 6 MSK VIII DESTRUCTION OF BUILDINGS SEISMIC INTENSITY • A. Fright and panic also persons driving motor cars are disturbed. Here and there branches of trees break off. Even heavy furniture moves and partly overturns. Hanging lamps are damaged in part.
Mar 03, 2016 Earthquake Resistant Building Construction Ppt The Current State Of Seismic Resistant Buildings In Japan. GUIDELINES FOR By Prof. Arya National Seismic Advisor GoI earthquake resistant construction of houses in other parts of the State and the other Kashmir using the building construction standards adopted in India. Seismic forces are difficult to quantify for the purposes of design, but in this construction we are trying to reduce the seismic force on the building. In other buildings we do not take the seismic force in to account Earthquake resistant design have post yield inelastic behavior.
Most buildings of type c suffer damage of Grade 2, and few of Grade 3, and most buildings of Type A suffer damage of Grade 4. Occasional breaking of pipe seams. Memorials and monuments move and twist. Tombstones overturn. Stone walls collapse. • Type C Reinforced building. Well built wooden building • Type B Ordinary brick building • Type A Earthen or ordinary stone wall houses.
6 7 7 8 DAMAGE RISK LEVELS • Very high damage risk (VH) of Grade 5 • Total Collapse of Building • High damage risk (H) of Grade 4 • Gaps in walls parts of buildings may collapse separate parts of the building lose their cohesion and inner walls collapse • Moderate damage risk (M) of Grade 3 • Large and deep cracks in walls fall of chimneys on roofs. • Low damage risk (L) of Grade 2 • Small cracks in walls fall of fairly large pieces of plaster, pantiles slip off cracks in chimneys, part may fall down • Very low damage risk (VL) of grade 1 • Fine cracks in plaster fall of small pieces of plaster 8 9 9 10 LOAD BEARING MASONRY SYSTEM 10 11 REINFORCED CONCRETE FRAME 11 12 HOW DOES EARTHQUAKE AFFECT BUILDINGS 12 13 13 14 BADLY CRACKED/DAMAGED WALLS 14 15 DAMAGE TO MASONRY BUILDINGS DUE TO EARTHQUAKE 15 16 16 17 DAMAGE TO RCC BUILDINGS DUE TO EARTHQUAKE 17 18 Causes of the Collapse of RC Frame Buildings and Recommendations 19 1. Ignorance of the Architects and Structural Engineers about the Contents of the relevant earthquake resistant Building Codes Recommendation- Architects and Structural engineers design office should have the current copies of these standards available in their offices and all their staff should fully familiarize with contents of these codes- 20 • 2. Softness of Base Soil • The soft soil on which most buildings in Ahmedabad were • founded would have affected the response of the buildings in the following ways • Amplification of the ground motion at the base of the building • Absence of foundation raft or piles • Relative displacement between the individual column foundations vertically and laterally, in the absence of either the foundation struts as per IS 4326 or the plinth beams • IV. Liquefaction of soil. 21 FOUNDATION • Tilting, cracking and failure of superstructure may result from soil liquefaction and differential settlement of footings. 22 The building sank evenly about 1 m due to soil liquefaction.
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The displaced soil caused a bulge in the road. 23 The solid building tilted as a rigid body and the raft foundation rises above the ground. 24 • Recommendation- • Soil exploration at the buildings site must be carried out at • sufficient points and to sufficient depth so as to give the • following data • Soil classification in various layers and the properties like grain size distribution, fields density, angle of internal fritting and cohesion a plastic and liquid limits and coefficient of consolidation of cohesive soils.